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Mesothelioma Asbestos Lung Cancer

Mesothelioma affects the tissue that lines the lungs, chest cavity and, in some cases, the tissues of the abdomen and the heart. Exposure to asbestos is the primary reason for mesothelioma.

Asbestos fibers are entangled in tissues and cause DNA damage. This causes cells to transform into mesothelioma cancer cells.

Signs and symptoms

Mesothelioma is a kind of cancer that affects tissues that line and protect organs inside the body. Exposure to asbestos fibers may cause these cells to change and develop into mesothelioma tumors. The majority of cases of mesothelioma are found in the lung (pleura). However, it can be found in the lining of the abdomen as well as the testicles, heart and lungs.

Shortness of breath, chest discomfort and coughing are among the most frequent symptoms of mesothelioma. In addition patients may experience abdominal pain as well as fatigue, weight loss and abdominal pain. These symptoms are often confusing and difficult to diagnose in the beginning stages particularly when mesothelioma is still a relatively young disease. It may take years or even decades following exposure to asbestos for mesothelioma symptoms to appear.

A physical examination and a patient's health history are the first step to diagnose mesothelioma. To determine the severity of symptoms doctors may recommend tests for blood and imaging scans. These scans comprise CT (computer-tomography) scans as well as MRI and PET scans (positron emission Tomography).

X-rays may reveal a mass or fluid that isn't normal in the lungs. These scans help the doctor determine the type and location of the mesothelioma. The two major mesothelioma types are sarcomatoid and epithelioid. Epithelioid mesothelioma makes up around 70% of all mesothelioma cases. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma, on the other hand, is and has a poorer prognosis than epithelioid mesothelioma.

People with pleural cancer typically suffer from a painful, non-productive cough and breathing difficulties. In some instances, a patient with pleural mesothelioma may have an abnormal heart murmur, an issue known as pericardial effusion or a swelling of the scrotum (tunica vaginalis).

The most effective method to identify mesothelioma is to take an examination of the tissues. The type of mesothelioma that is diagnosed will also determine how a physician manages the disease. For example when a patient has mesothelioma pericardial, the doctor may drain excess fluid with a procedure called pleurodesis or insert a pleural catheter in the body to reduce inflammation and improve breathing. Other options include chemotherapy and surgery.

Diagnosis

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the organ's linings called the mesothelium. The majority of the time, the disease develops in the lungs (pleura), though it can also manifest in the abdomen (peritoneum) or around the testes (tunica vaginalis).

It takes between 10 and 50 years for symptoms of mesothelioma to manifest. Because of this latency period, many patients may be misdiagnosed. It is often mistaken for other, less serious illnesses, such as pneumonia or the flu. This mistake could cause delays in treatment, which could reduce the chances of survival for a patient.

If you suspect that you may have mesothelioma need to visit their doctor right away. During the initial visit, doctors examine the medical history of a patient to identify any symptoms or conditions that could increase the risk of mesothelioma. This includes any previous exposure to asbestos and asbestos, as well as the type and duration of exposure.

The doctor will then order imaging tests of the abdomen and chest to check for signs of mesothelioma. Chest Xrays, CT scans and MRIs all provide detailed images of the inside of the body. They also show lung issues, such as the pleural thickening process or the accumulation of fluid. They can also show whether the mesothelioma tumor has spread to other parts of the body.

A doctor might also recommend a test of the blood to determine whether a patient has high levels in certain substances linked to mesothelioma. They can also carry out a procedure called a thoracentesis, which involves the removal of a small amount of the fluid surrounding the lungs to look for cancer cells.

If a mesothelioma is confirmed, a biopsy is performed to check a small sample of the tumor for cancerous cells. This can be done via VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) or with the use of a needle that is guided by an CT scan. The results will aid in determining which mesothelioma treatment options are the most effective for the patient. This may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. Some patients might also opt to undergo immunotherapy. This more advanced mesothelioma treatment may improve a patient's quality of life and improve their chances of survival.

Treatment

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the tissues which line and protect organs, such as the lungs, stomach (peritoneal) or heart or testicles. It is not possible to treat mesothelioma completely, however treatment can help manage symptoms.

Your doctor will inquire about your medical history and search for signs of mesothelioma. Your doctor will also ask about your asbestos settlement exposure, because asbestos is the most significant risk factor for mesothelioma. Exposure to asbestos settlement can cause asbestos case fibers to become trapped in the chest cavity's lining the stomach, tummy or the heart (mesothelium). As time passes, this causes inflammation, and can transform normal cells into cancerous ones. Mesothelioma can be diagnosed using blood tests and imaging tests.

Your healthcare provider will use an X-ray chest scan to observe changes in the lung tissue and determine if you suffer from fluid build-up (pleural effusion). Your healthcare provider will order an MRI, CT scan, or FDG-positron emissions (PET), to get detailed images. They will also conduct the needle biopsy to collect a sample of the affected tissue.

A mesothelioma specialist called a pathologist will look at the mesothelioma tissues under a microscope to identify cancerous cells and determine the kind of mesothelioma you have. To establish the diagnosis, the doctor will stain the tissue sample using a dye which shows up when certain kinds of protein are present. The doctor will then employ a technique to magnify the tissue.

It is sometimes difficult to identify mesothelioma since the mesothelioma-causing cells appear similar to those of other types of cells within the body. Your care team will try to confirm the mesothelioma diagnosis by performing other tests. These tests involve the collection of blood samples to determine the levels of fibulin-3 or soluble mesothelin related peptide.

Your healthcare provider will decide the best treatment option for mesothelioma based on your cancer type and stage. The most popular mesothelioma treatments include chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. The option of palliative therapy is available when your mesothelioma is at an advanced stage. This will relieve you of discomfort and other symptoms.

Prognosis

The outlook for mesothelioma is based on the type and the stage of cancer, in addition to other factors such as the patient's age and general health. Patients should work with knowledgeable doctors to find out more about the treatment options available to them.

Mesothelioma occurs when asbestos fibers cause damage to the tissues that line and protect vital organs. The asbestos settlement fibers can be inhaled or ingested, and over time they cause inflammation and genetic changes that convert normal cells into mesothelioma-related tumors. The most frequent mesothelioma variants are pleural mesothelioma. It develops in the lung lining and the chest cavity (pleura) as well as mesothelioma of the peritoneal region, a rarer form that arises in the lining that protects the abdomen.

Doctors diagnose mesothelioma on the basis of symptoms, lab tests and X-rays. They may also recommend that a biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. A biopsy is when you take a small sample of tissue for testing. The doctors can then compare the biopsy samples against a database in order to determine the most likely type of mesothelioma cells. This information will help them predict the patient's mesothelioma's life expectancy and treatment plan.

Mesothelioma cells are classified in three categories: epithelioid, epithelial, biphasic and sarcomatoid. Each mesothelioma develops at a different pace and responds differently to treatment. Epithelioid cancer makes up 60 to 80 percent of all cases and has a better survival rate than biphasic mesothelioma or sarcomatoid.

It can take as long as 50 years for mesothelioma develop following exposure to asbestos, which is why many patients don't get a diagnosis of mesothelioma until they experience significant symptoms. Asbestos victims should disclose their exposure to a doctor and be checked regularly.

During these visits, doctors examine for signs of asbestos exposure such as scarring on the lungs, as well as other respiratory problems. They can also perform a simple blood test to determine the overall health of a patient. If the results indicate that a patient is at high risk for mesothelioma, they can schedule further tests to get a prognosis. This will include imaging exams such as X radiations, CT scans, and ultrasounds, in addition to a lung function test and a chest MRI, or PET scan.