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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medications are selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs are also used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month to begin working.

They help by increasing the levels of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. They're typically the first treatment option for anxiety, but doctors also employ other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs as they reduce norepinephrine, but at a lower rate than SSRIs. They can take a while to start taking effects, and they tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil are effective for treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, and other side effects are what is the best anxiety treatment make them less well-liked. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to combat anxiety. Their high toxicity risk and dietary restrictions restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can trigger addiction tolerance, sedation, and tolerance as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a rebound anxiety, depression, and delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential part of any treatment plan for anxiety. It assists you to better know your symptoms and their reasons. Many people discover that both therapy and medication help them manage their anxiety. Some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and determine what could be the best choice for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes tense muscle. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart racing and shaking) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and by reducing the volume of messages that are sent to the amygdala. This is a part of the brain that is able to detect the threat and triggers a feeling of anxiety.

These medications can be utilized for short periods of time like when you experience a panic attack or when you experience extreme anxiety. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are different from SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body long. They're fast-acting and can work in a matter of hours. This makes them suitable for situations in which quick relief is anxiety treatable required (such for instance, during a flight or before a presentation in public).

They can be addictive, so people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at one time. They also lose effectiveness after that time.

One of the main reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are safe and have minimal adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They have a rapid time to begin their action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s. This included the denial of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment can lead to physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially when used in conjunction with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause undesirable side-effects such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medicines you currently use or plan to take. You can find out which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines through the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety treatment at home disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants to treat other health issues, such as bipolar disorder, eating disorders and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety symptoms and treatment by doctors, but they might not work for everyone. If these antidepressants don't work the doctor might suggest an older type known as a tetracyclic, or tricyclic antidepressant. This includes amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but are still readily available. Your doctor can also prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for anxiety or sleep.

Other antidepressants that can aid are Nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic form. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedative antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They lower heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't commonly used for anxiety alone however they can be beneficial when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you change negative thoughts and behavior that contribute towards your anxiety. It can help you learn to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Based on the severity of your condition, exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy might be recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you to challenge negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-provoking situations until you are able to handle them. It can be performed in a group or on your own. In both cases, results take time to appear. Some people believe that a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best option. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. They're not a cure-all. You will still require a variety of methods to reduce anxiety, including physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

The SSRIs or SNRIs are often the most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor can prescribe. They are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. The most common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications can cause mild side effects like nausea and insomnia, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks however they can also cause side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're a less popular choice over the more traditional barbiturates however, they're equally efficient.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are created to treat allergies, but they're also sometimes used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine has a calming effect by blocking the histamine receptors. It is not a controlled substance and does not have the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can help with anxiety. They have been found to decrease anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine as well as sérotonin. These medications may be prescribed as part of a combination therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will assess your symptoms and health history to determine whether these medications are suitable for you. They'll also discuss how long you should be taking them and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medication is only available by prescription, and you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.